Also fix debug_printf macro when !LDAP_DEBUG: It did not take arguments.

Most function and variable definitions are now preceded by its extern
definition, for error checking.  Retyped a number of functions, usually
to return void.  Fixed a number of printf format errors.

API changes (in ldap/include):
  Added avl_dup_ok, avl_prefixapply, removed ber_fatten (probably typo
  for ber_flatten), retyped ldap_sort_strcasecmp, grew lutil.h.

A number of `extern' declarations are left (some added by protoize), to
be cleaned away later.  Mostly strdup(), strcasecmp(), mktemp(), optind,
optarg, errno.